From @mscha

#!/usr/bin/env perl6

my %sum{Int} is default([]);
%sum{4}.push​: "1+3";
%sum{4}.push​: "2+2";

say (1..10).grep(-> $i { %sum{$i} == 2 });
# Expected output​: (4)
# Actual output​: (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10)

%sum{3}.push​: "1+2";

say (1..10).grep(-> $i { %sum{$i} == 2 });
# Expected output​: (4)
# Actual output​: ()

say %sum;
# Expected output​: {3 => [1+2], 4 => [1+3 2+2]}
# Actual output​: {}

say %sum{4};
# Expected output​: [1+3 2+2]
# Actual output​: [1+3 2+2 1+2]

# Without "is default([])" it works fine, except that the "grep" complains
# (rightly) about uninitialized values.

# % perl6 --version
# This is Rakudo version 2017.04.3 built on MoarVM version
2017.04-53-g66c6dda
# implementing Perl 6.c.

From @b2gills

There does appear to be a bug, but I'd argue that it is in your code.

  my %sum{Int} is default([]);

That line of code sets the default for all elements when they are first accessed
to the very same instance of an Array.

Remove the `is default([])`

To stop the warnings that would then happen you could use `andthen`

  say (1..10).grep(-> $i { %sum{$i} andthen $_ == 2 });

Or you could use `.elems`

  say (1..10).grep(-> $i { %sum{$i}.elems == 2 });

The way Moose in Perl 5 works around this is to give it a subroutine that will
produce the value to set it to then rather than a value. (slight simplification)

Basically Perl 6 dutifully did what you asked it to, and there currently
isn't as far as I know, a way to do what you intended.

So this isn't really a bug report, but a feature request.
The new feature may very well use the same syntax you have provided.

On Sun, Jun 18, 2017 at 4​:52 PM, Michael Schaap
<perl6-bugs-followup@​perl.org> wrote​:

# New Ticket Created by Michael Schaap
# Please include the string​: [perl #​131599]
# in the subject line of all future correspondence about this issue.
# <URL​: https://rt-archive.perl.org/perl6/Ticket/Display.html?id=131599 >

#!/usr/bin/env perl6

my %sum{Int} is default([]);
%sum{4}.push​: "1+3";
%sum{4}.push​: "2+2";

say (1..10).grep(-> $i { %sum{$i} == 2 });
# Expected output​: (4)
# Actual output​: (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10)

%sum{3}.push​: "1+2";

say (1..10).grep(-> $i { %sum{$i} == 2 });
# Expected output​: (4)
# Actual output​: ()

say %sum;
# Expected output​: {3 => [1+2], 4 => [1+3 2+2]}
# Actual output​: {}

say %sum{4};
# Expected output​: [1+3 2+2]
# Actual output​: [1+3 2+2 1+2]

# Without "is default([])" it works fine, except that the "grep" complains
# (rightly) about uninitialized values.

# % perl6 --version
# This is Rakudo version 2017.04.3 built on MoarVM version
2017.04-53-g66c6dda
# implementing Perl 6.c.

The RT System itself - Status changed from 'new' to 'open'

From @mscha

Thanks for explaining, I see why it does what it does now, more or
less. Using .elems is an elegant workaround.

But if not a bug, I'd say it's at least an LTA; Rakudo should warn that
you're shooting yourself in the foot.

On 19-Jun-17 18​:30, Brad Gilbert via RT wrote​:

There does appear to be a bug, but I'd argue that it is in your code.

 my %sum\{Int\} is default\(\[\]\);

That line of code sets the default for all elements when they are first accessed
to the very same instance of an Array.

Remove the `is default([])`

To stop the warnings that would then happen you could use `andthen`

 say \(1\.\.10\)\.grep\(\-> $i \{ %sum\{$i\} andthen $\_ == 2 \}\);

Or you could use `.elems`

 say \(1\.\.10\)\.grep\(\-> $i \{ %sum\{$i\}\.elems == 2 \}\);

The way Moose in Perl 5 works around this is to give it a subroutine that will
produce the value to set it to then rather than a value. (slight simplification)

Basically Perl 6 dutifully did what you asked it to, and there currently
isn't as far as I know, a way to do what you intended.

So this isn't really a bug report, but a feature request.
The new feature may very well use the same syntax you have provided.

On Sun, Jun 18, 2017 at 4​:52 PM, Michael Schaap
<perl6-bugs-followup@​perl.org> wrote​:

# New Ticket Created by Michael Schaap
# Please include the string​: [perl #​131599]
# in the subject line of all future correspondence about this issue.
# <URL​: https://rt-archive.perl.org/perl6/Ticket/Display.html?id=131599 >

#!/usr/bin/env perl6

my %sum{Int} is default([]);
%sum{4}.push​: "1+3";
%sum{4}.push​: "2+2";

say (1..10).grep(-> $i { %sum{$i} == 2 });
# Expected output​: (4)
# Actual output​: (1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10)

%sum{3}.push​: "1+2";

say (1..10).grep(-> $i { %sum{$i} == 2 });
# Expected output​: (4)
# Actual output​: ()

say %sum;
# Expected output​: {3 => [1+2], 4 => [1+3 2+2]}
# Actual output​: {}

say %sum{4};
# Expected output​: [1+3 2+2]
# Actual output​: [1+3 2+2 1+2]

# Without "is default([])" it works fine, except that the "grep" complains
# (rightly) about uninitialized values.

# % perl6 --version
# This is Rakudo version 2017.04.3 built on MoarVM version
2017.04-53-g66c6dda
# implementing Perl 6.c.

From @zoffixznet

On Mon, 19 Jun 2017 09​:30​:41 -0700, brad wrote​:

Or you could use `.elems`

say (1..10).grep(-> $i { %sum{$i}.elems == 2 });

PS​: note that, as a general usecase, you also need a `​:v` there. Otherewise you're .elems'ing an Any, which follows the anything-is-a-1-item-list rule and you end up with .elems being 1 for keys without values​:

  my %h; say %h<meows>.elems
  1
 
  my %h; say %h<meows>​:v.elems
  0

From alastair.douglas@gmail.com

On Mon, 19 Jun 2017 09​:30​:41 -0700, brad wrote​:

The way Moose in Perl 5 works around this is to give it a subroutine

there currently isn't as far as I know, a way to do what you intended.

I'd like this feature as well. I was in IRC asking about whether we could restrict a hash in the same way python does, such that %hash<missing-value> dies.

It was noted that one can do

  my %h is default(Failure.new);

This would put a Failure in anything that didn't exist, which would detonate whenever accessed. Presumably, this would be the same Failure each time, but that's probably OK.

It means there is no way of generating a default based on access. I think that would look something like​:

  my %h is default(-> $key { Failure.new("$key not provided") });

But then how would it know to run the Callable to generate the default, rather than simply providing the Callable as the default? I have no answer for that.

From @lizmat

FWIW, with​:

  http://modules.perl6.org/dist/Hash&#8203;::Restricted&#8203;:cpan&#8203;:ELIZABETH

one can restrict access to a hash to a certain set of keys​:

use Hash​::Restricted;

my %h is restricted = a => 42, b => 666; # restrict to keys at initialization

my %h is restricted<a b c>; # restrict to keys a, b, c

On 18 Jul 2018, at 17​:32, Alastair Douglas via RT <perl6-bugs-followup@​perl.org> wrote​:

On Mon, 19 Jun 2017 09​:30​:41 -0700, brad wrote​:

The way Moose in Perl 5 works around this is to give it a subroutine

there currently isn't as far as I know, a way to do what you intended.

I'd like this feature as well. I was in IRC asking about whether we could restrict a hash in the same way python does, such that %hash<missing-value> dies.

It was noted that one can do

my %h is default(Failure.new);

This would put a Failure in anything that didn't exist, which would detonate whenever accessed. Presumably, this would be the same Failure each time, but that's probably OK.

It means there is no way of generating a default based on access. I think that would look something like​:

my %h is default(-> $key { Failure.new("$key not provided") });

But then how would it know to run the Callable to generate the default, rather than simply providing the Callable as the default? I have no answer for that.